lindahl



METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASSWARE.

11PPL1CAT10N 111.50 0121.14, 1918.

1,390,626. Patented Sept. 13, 1921.

l0 SHEETS-SHEET I.

E. P. LINDAHL. f

METHOD oT ANU APPARATUS Ton NANUTACTUNTNG GLAsswANE.

' APPLCATIO FILED OCT. 14, 1918. 1,390,626. PatentedSept. 13, 1921.

a 4W 3,5, To SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Sq 36o u. f` a E. P. LNDAHL.

METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASSWARE. MPL10/111011 HLD ocT.14,1918.

1,890,626. Patentedsept. 13,1921.

I0 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

mwN-VCR E. P. LINDAHL.

METHOD oF AND APPARATUS Foa MANUFACTURING GLASSWANE.

'APPLICATION FILED OCT. I4, I9I8,

1,390,626. Patentedsept. 13,1921.

I0 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

I, i A

E. F. LINDA-HL.

METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT,14, 191s.

1,390,626, l Patendsept. 13,1921.

l0 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

(t). FM4

E. P. LINDAHL.

METHUD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTumNG. GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 14, 1918.

Patented Sept. 13, 1921.

l0 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

Fl Q. VT

INVENTOR E. P. LINDAHL.

METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASSWARE. I

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I4, 1918.

Patented Sept. 13,1921.

1o SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. P. LINDAHL.' METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASFSWARE. APPLICATION FILED OCT. I4, 1918. 1,390,626 PatentedSept. 13, 1921.,

I0 SHEETSQSHEET 8.

RIC?, 25

H5 INVENTOR E. P. LINDAHL.

METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASSWARE. APPLICATION FILED ocT.14. 191s.

, 1,390,626. l Patentedsept. 13,1921.v

E. P. LINDAHL.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. I4; 1918. 15390626, Patenasept. 13, 1921.

1o SHEETS-SHEET IQ.

WW2-2;@ PIPPIM UNITED STATES PALI'ENT OFFICE.

ERICK P. LINDAHL, F CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE ICY-HOT BOTTLE COM- PANY, 0F CINCINNATI, OI IIO, A CORPORATION 0F WEST VIRGINIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 13, 1921.

Application filed October 14, 1918. Serial No. 257,999.

'0 all whom t may concern Be it known that I, Enron P. LiNDAHL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pleasant Ridge, in the city of Cincinnati, county of Hamilton, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improve.

ments in Methods of and Apparat-us for Manufacturing Glassware, of which the following is a specification.

It is the object of my invention to provide a new and improved method whereby to connect proximate pieces of glass and apparatus to be used in connection therewith. My invention is applicable for connecting the inner and outer walls of a frangibleV double-walled vessel, employable for instance in vacuum containers, such as vacuum insulated bottles, carafes, and the like, for example of the character of those shown vand described in Letters Patent No. 921,099, granted George I. Altenberg, assignee, on an application filed by Emil Fleischhauser, and No. 1,218,036, granted George P. Altenberg, and dated respectively May 11, 1909, and March 6, 1917.

It is the object of my invention further to provide a new and improved method whereby the walls to be connected are centered, so that the ends to be connected, instanced as the mouth ends of the walls, are caused to rotate in concentric pat-hs, and to so relate the edges and cause their rotation in the presence of heat that centrifugal force preferably acting in conjunction with gravity causes an automatic juxtaposing of the edgesto be connected, the edges being then fused whilerotating in the presence of heat for making a hermetic seal at the joint thus formed.

My invention contemplates further the provision of novel means whereby operating devices are caused to successively act in novel manner on the glass articles being treated. It is the object of my invention further, to provide new and improved means whereby Ato automatically position the articles being treated atvarious stations at which sequential V operations take place on the material; further, to provide novel meansfor centering the artic-les about their yaxes of rotationand for longitudinally positioning the same; further, to provide novel means for causing the outer edge of the inner wall to spread, and preferably also lto droop, soas to connect withthe outer-edge of the outer wall of the double-walled V Fig. 3 is a plan view detail, partly broken away, showing automat-ic heat control means.

Fig. et is a vertical axial section of the ap]')aratus taken on the lirregular line -il ot' Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal cross-section of the same taken in the `plane of the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, partly broken away, the bearing and gears of one of the horizontal shafts being shown in section taken in the horizontal plane of the axis of the shaft. y

Fig. 6 is a side elevation `of the automatic heat control means. I Y i Fig. 7 is an end view of the same, partly in section on the line T-/T of'Fig. 6.

Fig. S is a vertical crosssection of the same, taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 9 is a vertical axialsection of the centering means taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 2 with the centeringtool in lowered position.

F 10 is a vertical axial section ofthe same.r taken on the irregular line 10-10 of Fig. 9. i

F ig. 11 is a side elevation of centering tool, partly in axial section.

Fig. 12 is an edge elevation of the same.

Fig. 13 is a plan view ofthe same.

Fig. 1e is a cross-section of the same taken on the line 14--14 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 15'is a plan section of the table driving means, taken 'in the plane ofthe line 15415 of Fig. fl.

Fig. 1G is a diagrammatic representation l* of the larming means for warming the edges tobe joined, looking in the direction of the line 1616 of Fig. 2. I

Fig. 17 is a diagrammatic representation showing the preheating means for preheating the edges to be joined, viewed in the direction of the line lll-1i' of Fig. 2.

Fig. 18 is a diagrammatic representation of the heating means and showing the result of the centrifugal force on the inner vessel in the presence of heat, viewed in the direction of the line 18-18 of Fig. 2. Y

Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic representatie showing the action of the sealing flame on the article, viewed in the direction of the line 19-19 of Fig. 2. u

Fig. 20 is a side elevation of flanging means for the inner member. the inner member being shown in axial section.

Fig. 21 is an en'd view of the same, with the inner member removed. A

Fig. 22 is a detail in side elevation, partly in axial section, showing the driving means for centrifugal action on the blank.

Fig. 23 is a side elevation of the centering means, the mounting thereof beingpartly in axial section.

Fig. 24 is a rear elevation of the shifting means'for controlling the flames.

Fig. 25 is a side elevation of the blank holding means, showing the blank partly broken away.

Fig. 26 is an edge elevation of the same, partly broken away. Y

Fig. 27 is a plan view of the same in closed relation.

Fig. 28 is a similar view of the same, in open relation. and showing the spring receiving pockets thereof in axialsection.

Fig. 29 is a vertial axial section of the same, taken on the line 29-29 of Fig. 27.

Fig. 30 is a detail of the clamping means for the blank, shown in vertical section on theline 30-30 of Fig. 28. Y

Fig. 31 is a horizontal cross-section showing a detail, taken on the line tS1-31 of Fig. 29. c

Fig. 32 is a plan section taken in the plane of the line 32-32 of Fig. 29.

Fig. 33 is a side elevation of a modification of the driving means.

Fig. 3i is a plan view of the same.

Fig. 35 is a front end elevation of same, partly broken away; and,

Fig. 3G is a rear endv elevation of the same, 'partly broken away.

I do not herein claim the clutching mechanism herein shown and described. having shown, described and claimed thejsamc in a copending application, duly executed on December 27th, 1919, and filed in the United Sta-tes Patent @nice December 29. 19l9, as Serial No. 348,028, and as a division hereof.

T he article being treated is represented as an inner member 21 and an outer member 22` which are blanks which are manipulated to form respectively the inner wall and the outer wall of a vacuum insulated bottle. the walls having a space 23 between them, there being suitable separators 24, instanced as located between the members for forming said space and holding` the members in relativelyseparated relation. (See Figs. 16, 1T, 1S, 19, 25, 2G and 29.) The inner ymember is exemplified as provided with a rounded bottom 25. The outer member is shown as bottomless but having the skirt 26, which afterward is formed into an outer bottom about the rounded bottom 25. The space 23 is in a subsequent operation exhausted to form the vacuum between said walls. I shall hereinafterrefer to this assembled element as ablank, designated by the general numeral 2T,v it being understood however that t-he invention is not limited to the parts shown and described, or assembled in the manner shown and described, the invention being applicable to any character of blank capable of receiving the operations thereon hereinafter described for connecting proximate surfaces or edges.

I have exemplified my improved method as performed by an assembled machine in which the steps of the method are in the main automatically performed on the blank, it beingl understood, however, that the steps of the method may be performed on the blank either by mechanica-l means of by hand manipulation, as may be desired.

I have illustrated a machine in which the blanks are suitably supported and rotated. and also caused to move in a planetwise path, the movement in the latter path being` arrested at lvarious stations .atr which various operations are performed. Y

In the present exemplification eight of these stations or at-rest positions are inst'anced, although a greater or less number may be employed if desired. (See Figs. 2 and The stations may be instancedV as a discharging station 31, which may also serve as a charging station g' a station 32, which may serveas an idle station, or,l if desired. as

a charging station.; a blank centeringst-ation 33; a warming station; aprcheating sta- Y tion a centrifugal station 36; a sealing station 37, and an additional sealing/fsta-V tion 38.

IIhere is a carrier al1, on which the blanks are suitably mounted for heilig int-ermittently moved in a path of travel, the blanks being rotated whilein atrest positions,`and preferably also in their paths between atrest positions. Y

The carrier comprises brackets '4.3, which extend radially with relation to the carrier. (See Figs. 1, 2, et and 5.) VThe brackets are provided wit-h wheels elli, the wheels havi'nlO' a circular pathV on a circular runway 4e, rigidly secured to the main frame 4.6. rilhel wheels are journaled in forks at?, depending frompthe brackets. Y n 50 is a vertical drive-shaft, journaled,r in bearings'51,"52,of the'main frame. The

drive-shaft is suitably driven, as by means of a worm-wheel 53 fast thereon, with which a worm 54 meshes, the worm being fixed to a. shaft 55, driven by an electric motor 56, suitably fixed with relation to the frame of the machine.

A gear 61, instafnced as a bevel frictiongear, is fixed to the drive-shaft. The carrier comprises a center-piece 62, to which the various brackets are fixed by bolts 64, the center-piece having a bearing 65 about a hub 66 of a' gear 67 loose about the drive-shaft. The gear 67 is instanced as the star-wheel of a Geneva movement device 68. The bearing 65 is 'fixed to the gear 67 by bolts 69.

The gear 67 is supported on the bearing 51.'

(See Figs. 1, 4 and 15.)

Shafts 71 are journaled in bearings 72, 7 3, of the brackets 43. (See Figs. '4 and 5.) Each of the shafts 71 is provided with a pinion 74, exemplified as a bevel frictionpinion arranged to coact with the bevel friction-gear 61. It has spline-connection 7 5 with the shaft 71 to permit endwise movef ment of the pinion into and out of. driving engagement with the gear 61. The shaft 71 is held endwise in the bearing 72 by a collar 76 fixed to said shaft and impinging one end of said bearing and a bevel-gear 77 fixed to said shaft at the other end of said bearing. A spring 7 8 between the collar 76 and the friction-pinion 74 causes driving relation between said pinion and the friction-gear 61.

The blanks are mounted in chucks 81. Each of the chucks is exemplified as fixed to a vertical shaft 82, journaled in bearings 83 of the bracket 43, and held in endwise relation in said bearings by means of said chuck anda bevel-gear 84 fixed to said shaft and bea-ring against the respective ends of one of the bearings 83. Bevel-gear 84 meshes with the bevel-gear 77. (See Figs. 4, 5, 9 and 10.)

, Operation of the carrier is by means of a Geneva movement device, as stated. The star-wheel 67 of the Geneva movement device is fixed to the carrier. 4The pin disk S6 o'f the Geneva movement device is provided with pins 87, which coact with slots 8S in the star-wheel.. (See Figs. 2, 4 and 15.) Hub-sectors y89 of the pin-disk coa-ct with arc-recesses 90 in the star-wheel while the carrier is in its at-rest positions.

The pin-disk is fixed to a vertical shaft 93, journaled in a bearing94of the main frame. A l gear 95 is fixed to said shaft, and is meshed by a gear' 96 integral with one of the members of a clutch 97 the other member of said clutch being on a sleeve 98, which lhas spline-connection 99 with the driveshaft 50. The sleeve is provided with an annular slot 101, in which rpins 102 of a yoke 103 are received. (See Figs. 1 and4.)

The yoke is on a lever 104 pivoted on a pin 105 lto the main frame. .The lever is arrangedV to be` operated for moving the clutch intoand out of engagement. lVhen the clutch is in engagement, motion is transmitted from the drive-shaft through the clutch to the gear 96, thence to the gear 97, shaft 93 and pin-disk 86, for rotating the latter one-half revolution, and thereby adifancing the carrier one-eighth of a circle, and advancing the various blanks thereon to the next ati-rest positions or stations.

lVhen the carrier has completed such oneeighth revolution, the clutch 97 is automatically disengaged by means of a trip 106, of which there are two on the gear 95, so that when one of the trips 106 is in coactive relation with the lever 104, the clutch 97 is disengaged, the trip passing the lever just sufiiciently to allow rengagement of the clutch for the next stepwise rotation of the carrier. A spring 107 between the frame and the lever normally maintains the clutch in disengaged relation after the same has been disengaged by means of the trip 106.

The chucks 81 for receiving the blanks are each exemplified as provided with means for permitting shifting of the blank in the chuck whereby to center' the walls of the blank with relation to each other and to centen the blank with relation to its axis of rotation, and with means whereby the longitudinal relation of the inner and outer members of the blank is fixed, in order that the edges of the blank which are to be united have a definite relation and have a definite path of rotation imparted to them.

The chuck comprises a base 111, from which standards 112 extend upwardly. (See Figs. 25 to 32.) The base is shown provided with a passage 113, and with a valve 114 for said passage. This passage communicates with a passage 115 in the vertical shaft 82, this vertical shaft being shown as a hollow shaft. There is a coupling 116 under the verticalV shaft which has a passage 117 therethrough, the latter passage communicating with the passage 115 in the vertical. shaft by means of a conical joint 118, permitting rotation of the shaft with relation to the coupling. (See Figs. 9, 10 and 22.) The coupling is resiliently held toward the shaft 93 by being seated in a seat 119 of a spring-clip 120 secured to the bracket 43. The seat encompasses the coupling prefer ably in manner to prevent its rotation.

A tube 121 extends'from the coupling V116 and connects with a suitable source Vof suction or vacuumfor normally causing suction or vacuum in the passages 117, 118, and 115. The tube is preferably a flexible tube and is exemplified as connecting with a tank 122, supported in seats 123 of arms-124 secured to the brackets. j,

The tank forms a reservoir for the suction or vacuum so that there shall be a plentiful supply of suction or vacuum adjacent tothe chucks, in order that, ifany of the chucks are without blanks therein while the passage 113 remains open, the influx of air occasioned thereby into the tank may not unduly reduce the suction or vacuum. The suction or vacuum in the tank is supplied trom a suitable pipe 126, extending through the drive-shaft 50, which is shown as a hollow shaft, Afrom a suitable source of suction or vacuum, the pipe 126 preferably having a regulating valve 127 therein. The tank rotates with the carrier, while the pipe 126 is preferably stationary, for permitt-ing which there is preferably a conical joint 128 between vsaid pipe and the tank, a passage 129 therethrough connecting the pipe and tank. (See Figs. 1., 4 and 5.)

The chuck 81 further comprises a support- 131, shown as a pedestal, having a passage 132 therethrough, connecting with the source of suction or vacuum. (See Figs. 25 to 32.) r1`he support comprises a suction-chuck 133, comprising a cup 134, in which there is a scat 135 for the inner member of the blank, this seat being preferably of cushion material. for inst-ance of leather' or rubber, and having a concave recess 136, in which the rounded bottom oi? the inner member of the blank is arranged to be received, the recess in the seat being preferably deeper than the portion of the blank received therein so that the wall of the recess may throughout its preferably flexible annular outer edge have close Contact made therewith by the blank.Y

The passage 132 communicates with this recess.

The lower ends of the outer members of the blank are in practice often of irregular form. It is desirable that the axial relation between the inner and outer members ot the blank shall be maintained when positioned in the chuck. In order to allow for irregularity in the lower end of the outer member, I provide a rocking seatfoi said lower end, and yielding means arranged to yield by pressure thereon of the outer member when seating the inner member in the suction-chuck, and means whereby to fix the relation between the seat of the inner member and the seat of the outer member when proper relative positions between the seats rave been assumed.

lnstancing` this arrangement, (see Figs. 25 to 32), 141 is a rockable plate, having a narrow cushion 1.42 thereon, to permit the blankto rock laterally, arranged to receive the lower edge of the skirt 26 ot' the outer member ot the blank. rEhe plate 141 rocks on pins 144 on a. plate 145. rllhe plates 141 and 145 respectively have ears 146, 147,Y in which the pins are received. The plate 145 is supported on links 149, 150, shown as wires, having articulation 151'between them, the articulation being formed by the ends of saidvwires. The upper ends ofthe links are supported from the upper end of the 'of the blank.

standards 112 by means of springs 152, shown as helical springs, the respective ends ot which are connected with the standards and the links 149.

The links 150 pass through openings 153 in the cushion 142 and plate 141, and have connection with the plate 145, as by means of nuts 154 threaded about the lower threaded ends 155 ot the links 150,-thus providing adjustment for normal position of the plate 145.

Clamps 161 are provided for lining the links in assumed positions, and thereby fixing the position of the support for the outer member with relation to the inner member The clamps have their respective clamping faces on the standards 112 and on levers 162. rfhe levers are pivoted at 163 to ears 164 extending from the standards. (See Figs. 25, 26` 29 and 31.)

The levers 162 are provided with camtaces 165, with which cams 166 coact for clamping the clamps 161 upon the wires received through said clamps` the clamp faces being provided with suitable grooves 167 in which the wires are held. The cams 166 are on the stem of the valve 114. The cams and valve are arranged to be operatedby a handle 168.

Each otY the chucks 31 is provided with means for holdingY and permitting adjustment ot the mouth end ot the blank, exemplified as a clamp 175, represented as comprising segments 176, 177, connected by a hinge 178 for permitting swinging'of one segment on the other, whereby to open the clamp and permit insertion and removal of the blanks. (See Figs. 25 to 30.) lVhen the blank is inserted, the clamp is arranged to be closed and 'to be held in closed position by means or' a clasp 179, instanced as comprising a pivoted member, pivoted by a pivot 180 to the segment 176, and `moving in a. slot 181 in said segment. The clasp is urged vinto engaging relation with a keeper 182 on the segment 17 7 by means of a spring 183. The keeper is arranged to be received in said slot when lclosing the segments. The clasp is arranged to be released by a lug 184. The segments are provided with ears 187, 188, so constructed as to be grasped by the lingers for pressing the segments together at the clasp land for readily opening the same. rPhe clamps preferably rotate with the hinge-end of the segment 177 moving in f Yadvance ot the clasp-engaging end thereof,

'for ease in closing the clamp .and to prevent accident. y

The segments are provided with shoes 19() on stems 4191, received in pockets 192 in the segments. Springs 193 in the pockets impingeY pins 194 on the stems, urging the shoes toward the blank in the clam-p. rlhe pins are received in' slots 195 in the walls ot' ,the pockets tor limiting their endwise movements and holding the shoes in proper relation with the blank.

lVhen the clamp 175 is' clamped about the blank, the shoes are arranged to contact the blank so as lto firmly hold the blank within the `segments when the segments are clasped together. and thereby centrally position the blank in the clamp. r.the*springs 193 exert vfirm pressure by the shoes upon the blank, but are sufiiciently yieldable to prevent breakage of the blank.

The clamp 1.75 forms a slide which has sliding relation with the body of the chuck, this sliding being resisted preferably by friction of less resistance than the resistance of the coacting springs 193, so as to permit shifting of the slide upon the body of the chuck without derangemcnt or movement of the shoes on said slide, whereby the definite relation between the'blank and the slide fixed by said shoes is maintained and any shifting which is caused, for instance` by the centering device to be presently described, takes place by a shifting of. the slide.

The hinge 178 of the segments comprises a bushing 196, through which there is a recess 197. There is a recess 19S in the segment 176. Friction-plates 201 bear on the slide and are provided with pockets 202, in n which springs 208 are located. Bolts `204 are threaded into threaded openings in flanges 205 of the standards 112, jam-nuts 206 being threaded about the ends of the bolts. The sjirings 20?) are' received between the heads of the bolts and the bottoms of the pocketsand urge frictional engagementy be tween the friction plates 201 andthe slideV and between said slide and the Ranges 205. r,the recesses 194 198. are of substantial area with relation to the bolts 201- to permit lateral shifting between said slide and the body of the chuck in all directions.

ln the present exempliiication, the blank isv intended to be inserted into the chuck at one of the charging stations 81 or 32, preferably at the station 31,at which latter station tbe/blank which is finished is also discharged, the discharging taking place by the opening ofthe chuck and the removal of the blank. The charging takes place by the insert-ion of a fresh blank. Then the finished blank is about to be discharged, the valve 1141 is closed so'as to shut off the suction or' vacuum from the chuck. The closing of this valve also releases the clamps 161.

Rotation of the chuck at the station 31 is caused to cease so that discharging and recharging of the blank in the chuck can be conveniently had. r1`he cessation of rotation nection on the bracket, as by means of shoulder bolts 214 passing through slots 215 in said slide and threaded into the bracket. (See Figs. Ll and 5.) A lever 216 is pivoted to the bracket at 217 and has articulation 21S with said slide. The free end of the lever is arranged to strike a cam 219, fixed to the frame at the station 31, whereby the free end of the lever is moved for moving the slide and thereby moving the friction-pinion 71 a vay from the friction-gear 61, resisted by the tension of the spring 78.

When the bracket moves away from the charging station or stations, the lever 216 moves out of range of the cam 219, whereby the spring 78 again urges the friction-pinion 7e into engagement with the friction-gear 61, thereby again rotating the chuck. The cam 21S) may continue as a disengaging bar 220 for maintaining disengagement between the friction-pinion 74 and the friction-gear 61 throughout the movement of the bracket from the station 31 to the station 32, and throughout the time of stoppage of said bracket at the station 32, the lever 21.6 moving past the disengaging bar at the next intermittent movement of the carrier. By this ar 1angement the discharging and charging of the blanks may take place at either or both of the stations 31 and 32.

When, now, the fresh blank is inserted, it is moved into the chuck until the rounded bottom of the inner member is seated in the seat 135. The bottom end of the outer member lia smean\\'liile contacted the cushion on the roekable plate 141 for rocking this plate to cause it to conform to the bottom end of the outer member, and to move axially, resisted by the. tension of the. springs 152, to move the plates 1411, 145, axially of the blank, the plates yielding readily so as to cause no derangenient between the inner member and the outer member of the blank, it being understood that the members are preferably assembled in proper relation prior to beingr placed in Vthe chuck.

yThe seating of the rounded bottom of the inner member in the seat 135 of the chuck actsto center thebottom end vof the blank with relation to the chuck. The segments are then closed for closing the slide 175 at a position nearer the mouth end of the blank than said rounded bottom, so that the sliding movement of the slide will permit lateral shifting of the mouth end of the blank.

Valve 114: is then opened, thereby also clamping the clamps 161 about the tension members 14:9, whereby the supports for the inner member and outer member are relatively fixed. y

An intermittent motion of the carrier 1s then caused. as by engagement of the clutch 97, accomplished in the present exemplifica-v tion either by hand or treadle eans. (See Figs' 17 2? 4P; and, i

roo

i with a A. vertically movable rod 226 has raxial movement in a standard 22T, and is actuated by a handle 22S, operating in a slot 2,29 ot theA standard. The rod is articnlated'at 2130 link2'l1, articulated at 232 with the lever d. A spring 233 fixed to the link causes pressure on the lever. when the lever and the. link are in extended relation, and the rod is being moved upwardly7 so as to cause vthe link and lever to move together to eugage 'the clutch, hmvevcr permitting the clnl'cli-slcere to move 'for ldisengagement ot' the clutch in case ot abnormal resistance 'in the driving means. thereby acting as a safety device rlor prt-venting breakage.

The movement ot the handle. 22S has also caused disengagement ot a latch 236 from one ot' a series ot slotsy 28T in the carrier. Segment-.1mm 23S .are arranged between the slots. the latch being arranged to ride on these segment bars during rotative movement ot the carrier. rl`he segment-bars idlv connect the outer ends ot the b ackets fil.' The latch serves to .determine definite stopping relation otthe carrier.- and .is led into the slots by inclines 239.

'lhe treadle means aie exemplilied as comprising a treadle 2&2. within reach ot the main operator. whose station is approximately indicated at 2&3. (See Figs. 1, 2, al. and The treadle is on a lever '24% pi oted at 245 to a tloonpiece 24.6. A rod 24T longitudinally movable in a bearing 2&8 ot the floor-piece. the treadle-lever being articulated with the rod by an articulation 214-9. rthe upper end ot the Yrod 2457 is arranged to contact the rod 226 for raising the latter and thereby raising the latch 236 out otl engagcmr-nt 'with the slot 23T for permitting thev carrier to move. engagement ot' the clutch 9T taking place at'ter said latch is disengaged, whereby driving connection with the carrier is made, and the carrier advances the. distance between neighboring stations, the operator having' in the meantime removed the toot trom the treadle.

rlhc blank is thereby moved to tbe centering station. 233. where it is subjected to the action ot a centering device 251. A

The centering device is exemplified as co prising means tor centering the blank and Afor centering the inner member and outer member with relation to each other so as to locate the month ends ot the inner member and outer member concentric. The space 23 between the members is determined by the separators 2l. There are preferably three of these separators arranged about the circumterence of the inner member. T he separators are preferably so arranged as to act as tulcruins on which the inner and outer members relatively pivot when relatively centering `iid members. to arrange the walls ot the memoers relatively concentric.

rlhe centering device comprises inner contact-parts and enter contact-parts. which are pivotcd together in such relation as to have coordinate movement, and to cause equal contact between the inner contact-parts and the inner tace ot' the inner member, and between the outer contact-parts and the outer tace ot the outer member, when both said members are. centered about the axis of rotation ot the blanks. The contact-parts are preferably ot' hard fiber or have hard fiber tacings at the points ot contact with the iii-embers ot the blank.

The inner contact-parts are shown as comprising arms 261. pivoted at their lower ends by a .pivot 262 to the lower end ot a tork 263, the tines ot which extend downwardly. (See Figs. 9 to 14.) The. fork is on a stem 264i, located in a bearing 265 ot a bracket 266, secured by a clamp-bolt 26S in adjust-ed positionslengthwise ot the rod 226.

The centering device is so positioned with relation to the sli-att S2 that the axis ot. the stem 264e and the axis ot rot-ation vot the shaft 82 are coincident. whereby the `center ot' the centeringl device is coincident with said axis ot rotation.

The arms 261 have contact-faces 271, which are preferably slanting with relation t-o each other tor forming a combined tapering contact-part. The contact-faces LT1 are arranged to contact the inner tace ot' the inner member. Arms 2T2'are pivoted together at their inner ends on a pin 273. movable ina slot 2T-'l extending lengthwise ot the fork 26?). rl`he arms 2T2 are provided with cont ct-iaccs 275. shown They act inwardly to Contact the outer `tace ot the outer member. The arms 261 and 2T2- are articulated together by pins 2?(3, between the outer ends ot' the inner arms and inter-V mediate points oft the onter arms.v The connections between said arms and said stem --anse definite relations ot movement between the inner and outer arms and thereby. by contact ot the inner arms with the inner tace ot the inn-er member and Contact ot the outer arms with outer tace ot the outer member. cause relative centering movement between both said members. The contactfaces are preferably held in normally separated relation by means ot' a light spring 278 received ina socket- 279 in the stem 26st and bearingI against a washer 270 resting on the inn-er ends ot the arms 272.

The blank preferably rotates during its passage between the station 32'and the station 33. On arrival at the station the latch 236 passes into the upper end or' the slot 237. with the centering device positioned above the blank. (See Figs. 1 and el.) lflovement oi the device toward the blank is then caused. T he inner arms 261 pass into the inside ot the inner member otl the blank.l and the outer arms are received about the outside of the mouth end ot the outer memrounded.

ber of theblank. (See Figs. 9 and 10.) When the tapering contact faces 271 contact the inner face of the inner member, further movement of the centering device axially of the blank causes the taperingl contact-faces to ride on said inn-er iace, swinging said contact-trices inwardly, and, by means of the connection ot the inner-arms with the outer arms, movingthe contact-faces of the outer arms toward the outer face ot the outer member, which movements continue until there is equal contact between the contact-faces oi. the inner arms and the innerface of the inner member and the contact-faces ot' the outer arms with the outer face of the outer member, when the blank is centered.

The centering` device is exemplified as arranged to be operated either manually or automatically. The stem 26erhas longitudinal movement in the bearing 265 and is provided with a handle 281. rfhe stem is provided with an annular groove 232, -in which a latch 283, pivoted at L84 to the bracket is received, for holding the centering-'device in depressed position with relation to the operatingrod 226, so that centeringmovement oit the centering` device will be automatic in connection with the movement of the rod, the rod and centeringdevice descending` by gravity to cause automatic centering of the blank. The latch is released when it is desired to manually operate the centering device.

A spring 286 is located about the stem 264k in a socket 28T in the bearing 265, (see Fig.

i 23) between a nut 233 in said bearing and a collar 289 on the stem. The spring normally retracts the centering' device from the blank. Pushing on the handle 281 causes approach of the centering device toward the blank in the centering movement, when centering the blanks manually.

Rotation is permitted between the centering device and its bearing` so that it the frictional contact between the rotating blank and the centeringdeviee becomes so great as to be in danger ofl breakinpg` the blank, then rotation of the centering device is permitted. The centering` device is normally nonlrotating'. I

The blank next advances to the station 34, which is instanced as a Warming` station, at which the ends of' the blank to be sealed are warmed to prepare them for the great-er heats ot the subsequent fires, and to temper the ends of the glass throughout a sufficient part of their lengths to pr vent cracking` or crazing. The flame at stationz 34 is directed toward the mouth ends ot' the members of the blank, preferably in a direction at an acute angle to the axis of the blank, and preferably as a spreading` flame, by means oi a. burner 301. (See Figs. 1, 2 and 16.)

rlhe burner is secured in a clamp 302 of a clamp-piece 303, pivotally clamped in adjusted positions to a support 30e by means ot a-pivot-clamp 305. The support is extensible, as by making the same of a plurality of sections longitudinally adjustable with relation to each other, and held in adjusted positions by means of a clamp 306. The construction permits adjustment of angle and distance of the burner 301 with relation to the blank. Alpreferably flexible pipe 307 connnects the burner with a nipplevalve 303 extendingfrom a fuel-main 309, shown as encircling part of the frame of the machine, and suitably secured thereto and supported thereby on brackets 310. A compressed air main 311 is also supported by said brackets, the mains being held in place onv the brackets by means of clamps 312. The blank is preferably subjected to an all gas flame at the station 34.

The blank next. advances to a station 35, which l designate a preheating station. (See Fig-s. 1, 2 and. 17). There is a burner 321 at this station for projecting a flame against the edges which it is desired to connect for raising' the temperature of these edges, and preferably rendering' the same nearly plastic, preparatory to receiving the more intense heat of the subsequent burner. The burner 321 is preferably arranged to project a flame of mixed gas and air.

The burner 321 is' preferably held in -a clamp 322 on a clamp-piece 323, pivotally clamped in adjusted positions to 'a support 32a by lmeans of a pivot-clamp 325. The support comprises a plurality ot parts relatively positioned lengthwise,` and held in adjusted positions by a clamp 326. The burner-tubes are provided with valves 327, 323, 'for regulating' the gas and air, conven ient to the attendant. Flexible hoses 329, 330, connect the burner-tubes with nipplevalves 331, 332.

The blank next advances to station 36, at which the blank is subjected to an intense heat and an accelerated speed of rotation, the heat being directed primarily toward the mouth-end ot' the inner member for renderingsaid mouth-end plastic, the accelerated speed of rotation causing the plastic mouthend ot the inner member to spread, 'due to centrifugal force. The Weight of the outer edge of the mouth-end of the inner member also causes the same to droop While beingsubjected to the centrifugal motion, thereby curling to meet the edge of the mouth-end of the outer member.

For aiding in this action. the inner member has been given a preliminary flange 335,` forinstance by means shown, described and claimed in my .copending application, Serial No. 253,106., filed September 7, 1918.

Instancing these means,.there is a suitablev rotatable chuck holding the inner member in extended relation in suitable manneiypriory to its association with the outer member.

(See Figs. 2O and 2l.) The llame from a burner 33T of which there may be one or more, is projected upon the mouth-edge of this inner member to render the same plastic. A langing tool 338 is secured to an axially movable tool-clamp 339, movable axially in a bearing Belt), by means of a lever 3i1, pivoted to the bearing-support 34:2 at 3&3, and having articulation with said toolclamp, the articulation consisting of a pin Pila in the tool-clamp slidable in a slot in the bearing and received in a slot 346 in the lever.

The flame from the burner or burners renders the mouth-edge of the blank or inner member plastic. whereupon axial movement is imparted to the tool for inserting the tool into the mouth-end of the rotating inner member for shaping said month-end, the tool being provided with a shoulder 3&7 which forms the mouth-edge of the inner member' into the form of the flange 335. This flanged inner member, in the present cxemplification. forms the inner member of the blank Q7, and is associated with the outer member in manner hereinafter described. ln assembling the members: the mouth-edge of the inner member extends axially slightly beyond the mouth-edge of the outer member, these edges being annular, and the outer edge lof the flange at the mouth-end of the inner member projects radially outward.

The heating of the mouth-end of the blank at the station 36, is preferably accomplished by a plurality of burners, arranged partway around the position of the blank 'so .as to project a number of Vllames simultaneously toward and upon the flanged mouth-end of the inner member. (See Figs. l, 2 and 18.)

The burners lare represented as a series of burners 351 shown as extending in radial directions toward the axis of the blank at station 36. These burners are shown fed by a manifold 352 for gas and a manifold for compressed air, the manifolds being held in a clamp 35st of a clamp-piece 355, pivotally clamped in adjusted positions to a support 356 by means of a pivot-clamp 357. The support is extensible, as by making the same of a plurality of sections longitudinally adjustable with relation to each other, and held in adjusted positions by means of a clamp 358.

Flexible hose 359 and 360 connect with the respective manifolds and with nipple-valves 361, 362, respectively in the gas main 309 and the air pressure main 311. Each of the burners is provided with a regulating valve, shown as a` needle valve 363, communicating` with the burner from the gas-manifold, and with a needle-valve 364 communicating with the burner from the air-manifold.

Suitable means are provided for accelerating rotation of the blank at the stat-ion 36, exemplified as a driving means auxiliary to the driving means for rotating the blank hereinbefore mentioned. (See Figs. 1, l and Then the blank approaches the stat-ion 36,

the lever 216 on the bracket makes contact r pinion 3T3, fixed thereto, which, when t-he bracket comes to at-rest position at the station 36, is brought into operative connection with a bevel friction-gear 374:. rlhe bevelgear 374 has spline-connection 375 with a bushing 376, which has a sprocket-wheel 377 fast therewith. T he bushing rotates about a stud-shaft 373 fixed in a bearing 379 of the main frame. A washer 330 is fixed to the end of the stud-shaft by means of a bolt 381 and holds the bushing and the bevelgear on the stud-shaft. i spring 382 is located about the bushing between the sprocket-wheel and the bevel-gear 371i, and normally urges the bevel-gear outwardly so as to insure proper operative engagement between the bevel-gear 5T-l and the bevelpinion 373.

A sprocket-chain 335 is received about the sprocket-wheel 37T and a larger sprocketwheel A386, fixed to a shaft 33T, journaled in bearings 38S of the main frame, and provided with a bevel-pinion 389. A. Vbevel-gear 390 fixed to the drive-shaft. rotates the bevel-pinion and drives the blank-supporting shaft S2 at an accelerated speed so as to rotate the blank at an increased and high rate of speed, to cause proper centrifugal motion of the mouth edge of the inner member. that is, a lateral outward spreading of said mouth edge. outer member preferably remains firm, due to the more intense heat applied to the mouth-edge of the inner member.

Vhen the operator observes that the edge of the mouth-end of the inner member in its centrifugal action has reached diameter about equal to the diameter of the outer circumference of the mouth-edge of the outer member, the operator reduces the heat applied to the blank at the station 36 either by reducing the lflow of gas or reducing theY iiow of air. as may be desired, or as the condition of the work may require. The heat and time required to produce proper centrifugal motion to the proper extent varies according to the thickness and texture of` the glass. rlhe result of this reduction of heat is a reduction in the ductility of the edge of the inner member of the blank, whereby the centrifugal movement of the same is retarded.

As a convenient means for controlling the supply of gas or air or bot-h gas and air, I provide controlling means, exemplified as controlling the supply of air,v The control- The mouth edge ofthe ling means in f the present exemplificaton, comprises a lever 391 pivoted at 39,2 to a bracket 393 extending from the frame. (See Figs. 2, 18 and 24.) The lever has a link 394 articulated therewith, the other end of the link connecting with an arm 395 extending rigidly from the plug of the valve 362. An arc-piece 396 is provided at the operators station 243, a slot 397 being in the arcpiece, the lever extending through the slot and resting therein in adjusted positions.

The blanknext advances to one or more sealing stations 37, 38. l have exemplified two of such stations, which are substantial duplicates of each other, the parts at the respective stations being designated by similar reference numerals.

Referring to the sealing station 37, there is a plurality of burners 401, arranged about the position of the rotating blank for pr0- jecting flames upon the joint between the edge of the inner member and the edge of the outer member, the edge of the inner member having been laid over upon the edge of the outer member, as hereinbefore described. The flames are projected upon this joint for causing fusion of said edges and a hermetic connection between the same by causing the fused glass or vitreous material of both edges to unite and form a continuous material. The burners are exemplified as in substantial horizontal positions and projecting toward the blank position in substantially radial directions. (See Figs. 1, 2 and 19.) The burners are fed by a manifold 402 for and a manifold 403 for compressed air. rlhe manifolds are held in a clamp 404 of a clamp-piece 405, (see Fig. 19) pivotally clamped in adjusted positions to a support 406 by means of a pivot-clamp 407. The support is extensible, as by making the same in a plurality of sections longitudinally adjustable with relation to each other, and held in adjusted positions by means of a clamp 408. Needle-valves 409, 410, extend through the respective manifolds and regulate the supply respectively of gas and air to the respective burners.

The manifold 402 connects with the gas main by means of a flexible hose 414 and a nipple-valve 415, the latter valve regulating the supply to the manifold. The manifold 403 connects by means of a flexible hose 416 with a branch 417 of a pipe 418, the latter extending from the compressed air main and having a valve 419 therein. The branch 417 has a regulating valve 420 therein. The other branch 421 of said pipe has a regulating valve 422 therein and connects with a flexible hose 423 extending from the airmanifold 403 at station 38. (See Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5 and 19.)

The plugs of the valves 420, 422, at the respective stations 37 and 38 are provided with arms 4.24, 425. A link 426. connects the arm 424 at station 37 with a lever 427, and a link 4,28 connects the arm 425 at station 38 with a lever 429, the said levers being pivoted by the pivot 392 to the frame and extending through slots 430, 431, of the arcpiece 396 at the controlling station 243.

The operator is enabled t0 observe the condition of the glass and the effect of its manipulation at the stations 36, 37 andh38. If the operator observes that the proper centrifugal motion of the mouth-edge of the inner member has taken place at station 36, the operator is enabled to send the blank at said station to the next station, which is a sealing-in station. 'A plurality of sealing stations is preferably provided so that proper continuity of action and proper action upon the respective blanks may take place withoutl interruption in the work or in the passage of the blank from one stationv to the next, insuring rapidity of operation and prompt and proper completion of the steps of the method.

The operator is enabled to control the flames at the respective stations by the control levers for the burners at the various stations, which control levers are mounted at the control station. lf the laying down of a flange by the centrifugal motion in the presence ofheat is taking place more rapidly,

the operator may either reduce the flame at the centrifugal station or increase the flames at the sealing stations, so that the flanges may be properly laid and sealed in sequence. 1f the condition of the glass or heat is such that the sealing operation is more rapid, the operator may reduce the intensity of the flames at either or both of the sealing stations, and thereby provide for proper sequence of completion of operations.

When the respective blanks at the centrifugal or sealingstations, or either of the same, are in proper condition to be advanced to the next station, the operator causes such advance byV operating the treadle, thereby raising the centering device out of the blank and disengaging the latch 236, and then engaging the clutch 97.

lt is desirable that the flames at the sealing stations, which provide high heat, shall be reduced while travel of the blanks is taking place. For accomplishing this, and also for regulating the time during which the rotating blanks at the sealing stations are subjected to the flames, I provide means for intermittently reducing the flames at the sealing stations. These means are exemplified as a lever 436, pivoted at 437 to a bracket 434 of a hanger 435 extending from the main frame and articulated at 438 with a link 439, articulated at 440 with an arm 441. extending rigidly from a movable member of the valve 419. (See Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8

The lever has a roller 442 journaled thereon. The roller is arranged to contact a cam 445 being held thereagainst by a spring 446, extending from a hanger 444V on the frame.

The cam is shown as an adjustable cam, comprising cam-members 447, 448. (See Figs. 3, 6, 7 and 8.) The cam-member 447 is adjustable about a shaft 449, and fixed thereto in adjusted positions by a bolt 450. The cam-member 448 is adjustable on the cam-member 447 about the axis of the shaft, the cam-members being clamped together in adjusted positions by means .of a bolt 451 passing into a threaded hole 1n one of said members and a slot 452 in the other member, a nut 453 clamping the parts in adjusted positions. The cam-members have cam-faces 454, 455, which are caused to approach or recede from each other by said adjustment,

for determining the length of time during which the valve is open.

The valve is exemplified as the valve 1n the compressed air pipe, but if desired may be the valve in the gas pipe, or similar valves may be located in both said pipes. 1 prefer to place the valve in the compressed air pipe to reduce the volume of air projected against the seal rather than to reduce the gas, as thereby possible chilling of the seal is avoided. The reduction of the supply of air reduces the intensity of the flame.

The cam 445 is operated automatically, and in timed relation with the positioning of the blanks at the sealing stations, as by means of a pulley 461, fixed to the drive shaft 50. A belt 462 is received over this pulley, and a pulley 463 rotating about a stud-shaft 464 fixed in a bearing 465 of the hanger 435, secured to the frame. A pulley 467 is fixed to the pulley 463, shown as a grooved friction pulley, and coacts with a friction pulley 468 fixed to the shaft 449, which rotates in a bearing 470 of said bearing-piece. (See Figs. 3, 6,7, 8).

1 have in Figs. 33, 34, 35 and 36, shown a modification of the driving means for the carrier and of the control means for said driving means. In this modification the rod 226 is provided with a tappet 476 adjustable lengthwise thereof and clamped in adjustable positions by means of a bolt 477.

VA clutch 47 9 comprises a sleeve 480 which has spline-connection 481 with the driveshaft 50, which is in continuous motion. The other member of the clutch is on a gear 483 loose about the drive-shaft, but held away from the clutch sleeve 480 by means of a collar 484, fixed tothe drive-shaft, a spring 485 about the drive-shaft normally separating the clutch-members. The gear 483 meshes with a gear 486 on the shaft 93= to which the pin-plate 86 of the Geneva movement device is secured.

The star-wheel of the Geneva movement device is secured to the carrier and rotates about the axis of rotation of the drive-shaft, in manner hereinbefore described. i

The gear 486 is provided with tappets 488 located inrdiametrically opposite positions on said gear. A lever 489 is pivoted at 490 to a hanger 491, extending from the main frame, and is provided with a yoke 492 having pins 493 therein, which are received in an annular slot 494 in the clutch-sleeve 480. The lever is provided with a lug 496, with which the tappets 488 coact for moving the clutch-sleeve away from the gear 483, and thereby opening the clutch.

A lever 501 is pivoted at 502 to a hanger 503 on the frame. The proximate ends of the levers 489, 501, are connected by means of a spring 505, shown as a spiral bow spring, boi ed about a pin 506 on the lever 489 the respective ends of the spring being received about pins 507, 508, on the respective levers.

1When the tappet 476 is raised it raises the outer end of the outer lever 501, thereby depressing the inner end of said outer lever, and pulling the outer end of the inner lever 489 with it by means of the spring 505, the tappet being held in raised position by the riding of the latch 236 on the segment-bars 238.v

In order to maintain the outer end of the outer lever above the tappet 476, a stop-pin 509 is fixed to the outer end of the inner lever and bears against the-outer stretch of the spring 505 and limits relative movement in one directiony between said levers. The spring serves as a safety device to permit release of the clutch 47 9 in case of undue resistance in the clutch.

Then the carrier reaches its next at-rest position, the gear 486 is in such relation that one of the tappets 488 thereon rests upon the lug 496 for maintaining the clutch 479 in release relation, the rod 226 on which the tappet 476 is located being in raised relation. The centering device is also supported by this rod.

A bell-crank lever 512 is pivoted at 513 to a hanger 514, depending from the frame. A link 515 is articulated with the bell-crank lever at 516, and with a lever 517 at 518. rllhe lever 517 is pivoted about the shaft 93. The level' 517 is provided with a pawl 519, normally urged into engagement with teeth 520 on the face of the gear 486, the pawl being urged into such engagement by means of a spring 521. There are two of the teeth 520 at diametrically opposite sides of the gear 486 positioned with relation to the tappets 488.

The bell-crank lever 512 is normally retracted by a spring 525, so that, when the rod 226 and tappet 476 are raised, the pawl 519 is placed in proper relation to engage one of the teeth 520 upon the next des-cent of said rod 226 and tappet 476. When the 

